I only know the second one, you would use pemdas to break down the equation doing exponents first which would leave you with 2x x 2x x 2x x 2x which would leave you with 16x and the second one would be 4 x 4 which is also 16x so the new equation would be y = 16x - 16x - 3x + 1 which would leave you with an answer of -3x + 1. Hope this helped
